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Abstract

Green hydrogen production faces a critical design challenge: renewable electricity is intermittent, while clean-fuel processes such as ammonia, methanol and e-fuels require stable, high-utilization operation. With hourly RFNBO matching approaching, this mismatch will increasingly shape the economics of future clean-fuel hubs.

In this whitepaper, Elestor compares a traditional LFP + hydrogen storage configuration with an LDES-based hub design using Elestor’s hydrogen-iron flow battery upstream of the electrolyser. Based on 10 years of hourly solar and wind data for Ain Sokhna, Egypt, the modelled baseload case shows that a 36-hour Elestor flow battery can reduce LCOH by up to 20% by improving electrolyser utilization, reducing installed electrolyser capacity and avoiding separate downstream hydrogen storage.

Download the whitepaper to learn how long-duration energy storage can help make baseload green hydrogen supply more affordable, controllable and scalable.

Abstract

Elestor’s hydrogen–iron flow battery architecture is put to the test and evaluated under continuous, commercially relevant operating conditions to assess durability, performance stability, and lifetime potential. The system combines a hydrogen gas circuit with an aqueous iron-based electrolyte, enabling independent scaling of power and energy while relying on abundant, low-cost active materials (±2.8€/kWh, enable reaching 15€/kWh CAPEX and 0.02€/kWh Levelized Cost of Storage at system level).

An extended continuous cycling campaign demonstrates stable operation at practical current density, temperature, and voltage windows representative of real-world deployment. Measured performance remains stable and fully recoverable through standard conditioning procedures. The absence of structural or electrochemical failure under sustained operation provides a robust empirical basis for extrapolating operational lifetimes of 20–25 years under standard use profiles.

This work positions hydrogen–iron flow battery technology as a durable, scalable, and economically viable solution for long-duration energy storage.

Abstract

Due to recent declines in the cost of photovoltaic solar generators (PV) and battery energy storage systems (BESS), baseload renewable energy systems (BRES) can now outcompete a grey generation mode (diesel electricity generation) on a 24/7 basis. BRES now promise a 30% reduction in electricity generation costs compared to diesel generators for a wide set of geographies, often reducing generation costs by 100 EUR/MWh. This gap is expected to grow with the introduction of cheaper long duration energy storage (LDES) systems in the future, potentially reducing cost of electricity supply by 50% compared to diesel generation.

With economic arguments in favour of BRES, a movement towards deployment of such systems can be expected and is also encouraged and supported by the writers of this white paper.

Numerous islands will have to overcome various hurdles though trying to implement BRES. Examples of such hurdles are shortage of development & financing capabilities as well as the shortage of land and a lock-in of diesel generation assets.