Engineered for 25 Years: Commercial Durability Proven in Elestor’s Hydrogen–Iron Flow Battery Technology

Abstract

Elestor’s hydrogen–iron flow battery architecture is put to the test and evaluated under continuous, commercially relevant operating conditions to assess durability, performance stability, and lifetime potential. The system combines a hydrogen gas circuit with an aqueous iron-based electrolyte, enabling independent scaling of power and energy while relying on abundant, low-cost active materials (±2.8€/kWh, enable reaching 15€/kWh CAPEX and 0.02€/kWh Levelized Cost of Storage at system level).

An extended continuous cycling campaign demonstrates stable operation at practical current density, temperature, and voltage windows representative of real-world deployment. Measured performance remains stable and fully recoverable through standard conditioning procedures. The absence of structural or electrochemical failure under sustained operation provides a robust empirical basis for extrapolating operational lifetimes of 20–25 years under standard use profiles.

This work positions hydrogen–iron flow battery technology as a durable, scalable, and economically viable solution for long-duration energy storage.

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